Roth IRA Calculator
Project the tax-free value of a Roth IRA at retirement from yearly contributions and expected returns.
How a Roth IRA works
You contribute money you have already paid tax on. It grows tax-free, and qualified withdrawals in retirement (after age 59½, with the account open at least five years) are completely tax-free. Contributions themselves can be withdrawn at any time without tax or penalty.
Example
A 30-year-old with $5,000 saved who contributes $7,000 a year and earns 7% would have about $1.02 million at 65. Only $245,000 of that is contributions; the rest is growth that will never be taxed.
Limits and eligibility
The IRS sets an annual contribution limit, with an extra catch-up amount from age 50, and adjusts both for inflation. Eligibility phases out at higher incomes, with separate ranges for single and joint filers. Check IRS.gov for the current year's figures before contributing.
Roth vs traditional
- Roth: pay tax now, withdraw tax-free. Best if you expect a similar or higher tax rate later, as many younger workers do.
- Traditional: deduct now, pay tax on withdrawals. Best if your tax rate is high today and expected to fall.
Roth IRAs also have no required minimum distributions for the original owner, which makes them flexible for estate planning.
Frequently asked questions
How much will my Roth IRA be worth?
It depends on contributions, time and returns. Maximizing contributions from your 20s or 30s at a 7% average return can grow to over $1 million by 65.
Can I withdraw from a Roth IRA early?
You can withdraw your contributions anytime. Withdrawing earnings before 59½ generally triggers tax and a 10% penalty, with some exceptions.
Can I have a Roth IRA and a 401(k)?
Yes. You can contribute to both in the same year, subject to each account's limits and the Roth income limits.
Last reviewed Oct 20, 2026. Results are estimates; check important decisions with a qualified professional.